vocabularul

Vocabularul, in general, refers to the set of words known and used by an individual or the lexicon of a language. In linguistics, it describes the stock of words that a person can recognize, understand, and employ in speech and writing. The term is equivalent to “lexicon” in many languages and is central to studies of language proficiency and lexical knowledge.

Within a language, vocabularul encompasses words and their forms, meanings, grammatical categories, collocations, idioms, and fixed expressions. It includes both lemmas (base forms) and the inflected forms that occur in speech and writing. Frequency and context shape which items are readily available to speakers.

Vocabularul is often divided into active (productive) vocabulary, the words a person actively uses, and passive (receptive) vocabulary, the words recognized or understood but not regularly produced. Learners typically start with a small active vocabulary and expand it through reading, listening, and deliberate practice.

Assessment and research measure vocabularul through vocabulary tests, dictations, word-definition tasks, or corpus-based studies of word knowledge and frequency. Vocabulary acquisition relies on exposure, repetition, mnemonic strategies, and explicit instruction about word meanings, collocations, and usage.

A larger and more precise vocabularul is linked to better reading comprehension, clearer expression, and more nuanced understanding of texts. It also supports semantic networks, synonymy, antonymy, and the ability to infer meaning from context.

In Romanian linguistic tradition, vocabularul is a core concept in language education, lexicography, and psycholinguistics. The phrase “vocabularul” is the definite form used when referring to the vocabulary of a language body, a learner, or a specific corpus.