virker

Virker is a Danish verb with two primary senses: to function or operate, and to seem or appear. In the sense of functioning, it describes something that works or is effective. For example, Det virker. translates as “It works” or “It is functioning.” In the sense of appearance, it conveys perception or impression, as in Det virker som om det er rigtigt (It seems as if it is true) or simply Det virker (It seems).

Etymology and related usage: The verb belongs to the North Germanic language family and has cognates in related languages, where forms of verbs meaning “to work” or “to seem” appear. In Danish, the same verb covers both notions, with context making the intended meaning clear.

Conjugation and grammar: In present tense, the form is the same for all subjects: jeg virker, du virker, han virker, vi virker, I virker, de virker. The past tense is virkede, and the perfect is har virket. The phrase det virker ikke means “it does not work” or “it does not seem to be functioning,” depending on context. The construction det virker som om introduces a subordinate clause to express a perception or assumption: Det virker som om han taler sandheden (It seems as if he is telling the truth).

Usage notes: The dual meaning makes virker common in everyday Danish, where speakers rely on context to distinguish whether they refer to functioning or appearance. In formal writing, clarity is often achieved by adding a clarifying phrase, such as som om or ikke, to prevent ambiguity.