vigorosamente

Vigorosamente is an Italian musical term used as an expressive indication in performance to convey vigor, energy, and forcefulness. It translates roughly as "with vigor" or "vigorously" and functions similarly to other expressive markings such as con fuoco (with fire) or con brio (with spirit).

In scores, vigorosamente is commonly placed alongside a tempo designation or as part of a phrase directive. For example, a composer might write Allegro vigorosamente or Andante, vigorosamente, to indicate not only the tempo but also the manner of delivery—sharp accents, strong attack, and a driving pulse. It is often used in Romantic and post-Romantic repertoire but also appears in earlier and modern scores when a bold character is required.

Etymology and form: vigorosamente is the adverb formed from the Italian adjective vigoroso (vigorous) by adding the suffix -mente, itself from Latin vigor, meaning liveliness or energy. The expression is part of a broader set of Italian tempo and character markings used in Western classical music.

Usage notes: The exact feel of vigorosamente depends on context, tempo, and ensemble, and is interpreted in relation to surrounding markings such as dynamics and articulation. In translations, vigorosamente is typically rendered as "vigorously" or "with vigor."