vedelalektolüüdikondensaator

Vedelalektolüüdikondensaator, often abbreviated as electrolytic capacitor, is a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte to achieve a larger capacitance value from a smaller volume. These capacitors are polarized, meaning they have a positive and a negative terminal, and must be connected in the correct orientation to avoid damage. The electrolyte can be either liquid or solid. Liquid electrolytic capacitors typically have a higher capacitance-to-volume ratio and are often used in power supply filtering and decoupling applications. Solid electrolytic capacitors, while generally offering lower capacitance values, are known for their stability and longer lifespan. The dielectric layer in an electrolytic capacitor is very thin, usually an oxide layer formed on a metal foil, which allows for a high capacitance density. This thin dielectric makes them susceptible to failure if subjected to excessive voltage or reversed polarity. Common materials used for the electrodes include aluminum and tantalum. Their tendency to short-circuit when they fail makes them less suitable for critical applications where failure could have severe consequences.