varactorcapacitors
A varactor diode, also known as a varicap or tuning diode, is a semiconductor diode designed to exhibit a variable capacitance that is dependent on the applied reverse voltage. Unlike a standard diode, which is optimized for rectification, a varactor is specifically engineered to exploit the capacitance of its depletion region. This depletion region, the area devoid of free charge carriers, acts as the dielectric of a capacitor, while the p-n junction itself forms the conductive plates.
When a reverse voltage is applied across the varactor, the width of the depletion region increases. As
Varactors find primary applications in radio frequency (RF) circuits, such as voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), frequency multipliers,