valuutaturgudel

Valuutaturgudel is the Estonian expression for activity in the foreign exchange markets, where currencies are bought and sold against one another. The foreign exchange market, or forex, operates globally with participants including banks, corporations, asset managers, hedge funds, central banks, brokers, and retail traders. It is a decentralized, over-the-counter market with trades occurring across time zones, typically 24 hours on weekdays. Common instruments traded on valuutaturgudel include spot transactions (settled in two business days), forwards, futures, options, and currency swaps.

Prices on valuutaturgudel are determined by supply and demand for currency pairs, influenced by interest rate differentials, macroeconomic data, political developments, and market expectations. Liquidity and volatility vary by currency pair and time of day; major pairs such as USD/EUR and USD/JPY tend to be the most liquid.

The currency markets support international trade and investment by enabling price discovery and risk management. They also affect the monetary policy transmission by central banks. Regulation is exercised by national authorities and regional bodies; in the European Union this includes MiFID II and oversight by ESMA and national regulators. Participants must comply with anti-money laundering, know-your-customer, and other market integrity rules.