valgusdioode

Valgusdioode, commonly known as LEDs, are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current passes through them. The name "valgusdioode" is a direct translation of the Estonian term for light-emitting diode. Unlike incandescent bulbs which produce light by heating a filament until it glows, LEDs generate light through electroluminescence. This process involves electrons within the semiconductor material recombining with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons.

The color of the light emitted by an LED depends on the semiconductor material used and the energy gap of the material. Different materials and dopants create different colors, ranging from red and green to blue and ultraviolet. White light can be produced by combining different colored LEDs or by using a blue LED with a phosphor coating that converts the blue light into a broader spectrum.

LEDs are highly energy-efficient, durable, and have a long lifespan compared to traditional lighting technologies. They are also compact and can be manufactured in various shapes and sizes, making them versatile for a wide range of applications. These applications include general illumination, indicator lights in electronics, automotive lighting, displays, and even in specialized fields like horticulture and medical therapies. Their low power consumption and robustness have made them a popular choice for both consumer and industrial uses, contributing to significant energy savings and reduced waste.