valeur

Valeur is a French noun meaning value, worth, or price. In general use, it denotes the importance or utility of something, and in economics it often refers to monetary value or market price. The term is widely used in French-language discourse across philosophy, commerce, mathematics, and everyday speech.

Etymology: The word derives from Old French valeur, from Latin valor, meaning courage, worth, or price; the English word value shares the same origin.

In philosophy and ethics, valeur is used in discussions of value theory and moral value. French phrases include valeur morale (moral value), valeurs (values) as guiding principles, and valeur intrinsèque versus valeur extrinsèque (intrinsic versus instrumental value), though English texts might use "value" instead of "valeur."

In economics and business, valeur can refer to monetary value or price, e.g., valeur marchande (market value), valeur nominale (nominal value), or valeur comptable (book value). The concept underpins valuation, pricing, and investment analysis.

In mathematics and logic, valeur denotes a quantity assigned by a variable or function: valeur d'une variable. Expressions include valeur absolue (absolute value) and valeur de vérité (truth value).

In culture and daily language, valeur is used to describe social or cultural value, as in valeurs familiales (family values) and valeur psychosociale or valeur sociale. It also appears in educational and evaluative contexts to denote significance or merit.