vaakumi
Vaakumi is the Finnish term for vacuum, describing a region in which the pressure is very low and there is little or no matter remaining. In physics and engineering, vaakumi refers to an environment where gas molecules are sparse, enabling systems to operate without air resistance, condensation, or chemical reactivity from surrounding air. The concept includes both natural space devoid of matter and engineered environments created by removing air.
Vacuum quality is categorized by the achieved pressure: rough vacuum, high vacuum, and ultra-high vacuum, with
Pumps suitable for producing vaakumi range from positive-displacement pumps, which expel gas to create a low-pressure
Applications of vaakumi include electron microscopy, surface science and spectroscopy, semiconductor manufacturing, thin-film coatings, vacuum insulation
Historically, attempts to create vacuum date to early modern science, with Otto von Guericke's air-pump experiments