utfärdad

Utfärdad is a Swedish adjective and the past participle of the verb utfärda, meaning to issue, publish, or decree by an authority. It describes something that has been officially issued or authorized, such as documents, licenses, certificates, or decisions. The term is common in administrative, legal, and formal language, where it signals that an item has completed the official issuing process.

In usage, utfärdad appears both attributively and predicatively. Attributively it can modify a noun: ett utfärdat pass, ett utfärdat körkort, ett utfärdat intyg. Predicatively it can describe the status of a document or decision: Beslutet var utfärdat. The form agrees with the gender and number of the noun, with the neuter singular form typically appearing as utfärdat, and the accompanying noun inflecting as appropriate (det utfärdade passet, de utfärdade dokumenten).

Contexts and examples. The word is often encountered in government or institutional language when reporting that an authorization, license, or document has been officially issued by an authority. Common collocations include utfärda ett beslut (to issue a decision), utfärda ett certifikat (to issue a certificate), and utfärdande myndighet (issuing authority). While everyday language may use simpler phrasing, utfärdad remains standard in formal documents and communications.

Etymology. Utfärdad derives from the verb utfärda, built with the prefix ut- and older roots related to issuing or setting forth. It emphasizes the completion of an official process by an authority.