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Journalism is the activity or profession of writing for newspapers, magazines, or other news media, or of broadcasting news. It involves the collection, verification, and dissemination of news and information. The primary goal of journalism is to inform the public about events and issues of importance.

The practice of journalism dates back centuries, evolving from handwritten newsletters to the sophisticated mass media of today. Key developments include the invention of the printing press, which enabled wider distribution of printed news, and later, the advent of radio, television, and the internet, which transformed how news is delivered and consumed.

Journalism operates under various ethical principles, often emphasizing accuracy, fairness, impartiality, and accountability. Journalists are expected to report truthfully and without bias, to give a voice to different perspectives, and to correct errors promptly. The concept of journalistic independence is crucial, meaning that news organizations should be free from undue influence by governments, corporations, or other powerful entities.

The landscape of journalism has been significantly altered by digital technologies. The internet has democratized information sharing, allowing for faster dissemination and greater public participation. However, it has also presented challenges such as the spread of misinformation, economic pressures on traditional news outlets, and concerns about privacy and data security. Despite these changes, the core function of journalism – to serve as a watchdog and inform the public – remains vital for a functioning democracy.