umiarkowana

Umiarkowana is the feminine form of the Polish adjective umiarkowany, used to describe things characterized by moderation, restraint, or temperance. It denotes a degree not reaching excess or extremes. The term can apply to weather, diet, spending, opinions, or policies, among other domains.

Etymology and grammar: from umiar (measure, restraint) and the verbal root umiarkować (to moderate). The adjective follows standard Polish inflection: feminine nominative umiarkowana, masculine umiarkowany, neuter umiarkowane; plural forms include umiarkowani and umiarkowane. It is often used attributively before a feminine noun, as in umiarkowana pogoda (moderate weather) or umiarkowana dieta (balanced diet).

In usage, umiarkowana conveys a stance of prudent restraint, avoiding extremes in political, economic, or personal contexts. It commonly describes climate and weather (strefa umiarkowana, temperate zone), as well as everyday measures such as price levels or budgets (umiarkowane ceny, umiarkowana polityka fiskalna). The term implies reasonableness and sustainability rather than radical change.

See also: umiar, umiarkowanie; related terms such as zrównoważony (balanced) and łagodny (gentle).