tva

Tva is an acronym that can refer to more than one concept. The two most widely recognized uses are the Tennessee Valley Authority in the United States and the value-added tax, known in French as taxe sur la valeur ajoutée (TVA) and in other languages by a similar acronym.

The Tennessee Valley Authority is a federally owned corporation established in 1933 under the TVA Act as part of the New Deal. Its original mandate combined flood control, navigation improvements, economic development, and electricity generation for the Tennessee Valley region, a broad area spanning several U.S. states. TVA built a system of hydroelectric dams and related infrastructure along the Tennessee River and its tributaries. Today, TVA remains a government-owned corporation that generates electricity and sells it to public utilities and municipalities in the region. Its governance includes a board of directors appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate, and its operations are subject to federal oversight and environmental regulation. The agency has played a central role in regional development and energy policy for decades, adapting to changing energy markets and environmental standards.

Taxe sur la valeur ajoutée, or TVA, refers to a value-added tax used in many countries. VAT is a consumption tax levied on goods and services at each stage of production and distribution, with the final burden borne by the end consumer. Businesses collect input tax credits for tax paid on inputs, ensuring the tax is applied on the value added at each step. VAT rates and exemptions vary by country and region, but it is a major source of revenue in many economies, particularly within the European Union, where harmonization efforts influence rates and administration.