turvavõtmetele

Turvavõtmed, known in English as security keys or hardware security keys, are physical devices used to enhance online security. They are a form of multi-factor authentication (MFA) that provides a more secure alternative to traditional password-based logins and even SMS-based one-time passcodes. The primary function of a turvavõti is to prove the identity of a user to a service or website.

Turvavõtmed work by using cryptography. When a user attempts to log in to a service that supports turvavõtmed, they are prompted to insert their physical key into a USB port, tap it against an NFC reader, or use Bluetooth to connect it to their device. The key then generates a unique cryptographic signature that is sent to the service. This signature verifies that the user possesses the physical key, which is extremely difficult for attackers to steal remotely.

Common types of turvavõtmed include USB keys that plug into a computer's port, NFC keys that can be tapped against a compatible device, and Bluetooth-enabled keys for wireless connections. Many turvavõtmed adhere to industry standards like FIDO (Fast Identity Online), which ensures interoperability between different keys and services.

The adoption of turvavõtmed is growing as individuals and organizations seek stronger protection against phishing attacks and account takeovers. They are widely used for securing email accounts, social media profiles, cloud services, and financial platforms. By requiring a physical possession factor, turvavõtmed significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access compared to methods relying solely on knowledge (passwords) or something you have (phone for SMS codes).