trykkanoner

Trykkanon, literally "pressure cannon," refers to a class of projectile-launching devices that use compressed gas to propel a projectile rather than the rapid combustion of gunpowder. The term is used in several European languages and historically covers a range of pneumatic and steam-assisted devices.

Principle of operation is straightforward: a chamber or cylinder is filled with compressed gas—air, steam, or another gas. When a valve or stopper is released, the high-pressure gas expands behind or around a projectile, accelerating it along a bore or driving it through a short, enclosed path. The velocity and range depend on the gas pressure, the bore dimensions, valve speed, and the strength of the materials used.

Historically, pneumatic propulsion experiments occurred in Europe from the 17th through the 19th centuries as researchers explored alternative means of launching projectiles and studying gas dynamics. While some devices demonstrated functional firing, pressure cannons were never adopted on a wide scale for warfare due to limited velocities, reliability issues, and safety concerns. They influenced later developments in pneumatics and contributed to the broader understanding of gas-driven propulsion.

In modern usage, the term often refers to experimental or theatrical devices, educational models, and specialized equipment where a quiet, smoke-free discharge is advantageous. Contemporary applications include pneumatic launchers for demonstrations, film and theatre effects, and certain non-lethal launching systems, though these are typically distinct from conventional firearms in design and regulation.

See also: air cannon, pneumatic gun, steam cannon.