triplechecking

Triplechecking is the practice of verifying information, results, or actions through three independent checks to reduce the chance of error. It is commonly used in situations where mistakes can have significant consequences or where precision is essential. The model usually involves three distinct verification steps, which can be performed by separate individuals or by separate processes within a system, with a final sign-off by a responsible party.

Applications span several fields. In healthcare, triplechecking may be used for medication dosing, patient data reconciliation, and critical test results to minimize harm. In software and data workflows, three-stage validation can guard against incorrect deployments, corrupted data, or regulatory noncompliance. Journalism and research may employ triplechecking to corroborate facts and sources. In aviation, manufacturing, and other high-stakes industries, three-person reviews or three-pass quality checks are common to ensure safety and reliability, while finance and auditing may use triple checks to verify transactions and calculations.

Benefits include a reduced error rate, improved accountability, and an enhanced audit trail. Drawbacks include increased time and resource demands, potential delays, and the risk that checks are not truly independent or become rote. Critics also note that triplechecking is not a substitute for good process design and risk assessment; in some tasks, a well-designed two-step or automated verification may suffice. Related concepts include double-checking and peer review.