triacetate

Triacetate, or cellulose triacetate (CTA), is a cellulose ester in which the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose monomer are acetylated to form a triester, typically with a degree of substitution close to 3.0. The polymer is thermoplastic and can be spun into fibers or cast as films. It is less hydrophilic than cellulose and offers good dimensional stability and resistance to oils and many solvents.

Production of CTA involves acetylating purified cellulose with acetic anhydride under acidic catalysis. The resulting material is processed into fibers or films and can be used in a variety of textile and film applications. CTA fibers are usually produced by solution-spinning and subsequent coagulation or regeneration, yielding a lightweight, drapey material. The fiber’s properties include good dyeability with disperse dyes, strong colorfastness when properly processed, and a crisp hand that many describes as silk-like.

Applications and use have historically centered on textiles and fabrics. CTA fibers were promoted in the mid-20th century for apparel, linings, and home furnishings due to their bright colors and excellent drape. They gained popularity in the 1950s to 1970s but later declined as polyester- and rayon-based materials expanded and offered easier care and lower cost. CTA is still produced for specialty textiles and some film applications, where its specific combination of drape, light weight, and dimensional stability remains desirable.

Care and handling require attention to heat and solvents. CTA fabrics can be damaged by high temperatures, so ironing is typically performed at low to moderate heat with appropriate pressing aids. Overall, triacetate remains a niche cellulose ester with a legacy in mid-20th-century textiles and selective modern uses.