transgeensete

Transgeen ("transgene") refers to a gene or genetic material that has been transferred from one organism to another, typically through genetic engineering techniques. Organisms that have undergone such modification are referred to as transgenic organisms. The introduction of a transgene can confer new traits or alter existing ones in the recipient organism.

The process of creating a transgenic organism often involves isolating a specific gene of interest from one species and inserting it into the genome of another. This is commonly achieved using methods such as gene guns, viral vectors, or microinjection. The inserted gene can then be expressed by the host organism, leading to the desired phenotypic change.

Transgenic organisms have found applications in various fields. In agriculture, they are developed to enhance crop yields, improve nutritional content, or confer resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. In medicine, transgenic animals are used as models for studying human diseases and for the production of therapeutic proteins, such as insulin or antibodies. Research into transgenic organisms also contributes to a deeper understanding of gene function and biological processes. The ethical implications and potential environmental impacts of transgenic organisms are subjects of ongoing debate and regulation.