tranquillity

Tranquillity is a state characterized by quiet, calm, and freedom from disturbance. It can describe external conditions, such as a tranquil landscape or a still lake, as well as an inner condition marked by composure, steadiness, and a reduction of mental agitation. The concept is often used to contrast unrest, noise, or turmoil with a sense of balance and rest.

Tranquillity derives from the Latin tranquillus “calm, quiet” and reached English through Old French tranquille or tranquillité. In English, both spellings tranquillity and tranquility have been used, with tranquillity more common in British English and tranquility in American usage.

In philosophy and psychology, tranquility refers to a stable mind free from excessive passion or fear. In ancient Greek thought, ataraxia denotes such untroubled serenity; Stoicism seeks inner tranquility in the face of external events. In Buddhist and related traditions, practices like meditation cultivate inner equanimity and stillness, which are often described as tranquility.

In culture and daily life, tranquillity or tranquility is valued as a goal and a condition that supports rest, reflection, and restoration. Modern contexts include tranquil environments in urban planning, nature reserves, and restorative spaces. In literature and art, scenes of quiet, balance, or stillness frequently symbolize harmony, moral order, or spiritual aspiration.

Tranquility is related to, but distinct from, peace, calm, stillness, and silence. It emphasizes a sense of inner steadiness alongside or independent of external quiet, and can be pursued or experienced in both natural settings and contemplative practices.