traheofüüdid

Traheofüüdid, also known as tracheal mites, are microscopic arachnids that parasitize the tracheal tubes of various insect species. Belonging to the family Tarsonemidae within the order Trombidiformes, these mites are primarily recognized for their impact on honey bees but can also infest other insects.

Traheofüüdid are elongated, translucent creatures measuring less than 0.3 millimeters in length. They reside within the tracheal system—the respiratory tubes—where they feed on the hemolymph and tissues of their hosts. Their presence can cause physiological stress, reduce vitality, and impair the ability of insects to breathe efficiently. In honey bees (Apis mellifera), heavy infestations may lead to weakened colonies, increased susceptibility to diseases, and reduced honey production.

Transmission of tracheal mites occurs mainly through direct contact between infected and uninfected insects, particularly during hive activities such as swarming, splitting, or grooming behaviors. Environmental factors like temperature and humidity influence their reproductive cycles and infestation rates.

Management of tracheal mite infestations includes maintaining strong and healthy colonies, using chemical treatments such as formic acid or thymol, and breeding for mite-resistant bee strains. Monitoring is typically performed through behavioral assays or microscopic examination of sampled insects.

Traheofüüdid are significant for apiculture and insect health management due to their potential to compromise colony strength and productivity. Understanding their biology and transmission pathways is essential for developing effective control strategies and ensuring the health of affected insect populations.