titrimetrias

Titrimetria, also known as volumetric analysis, is a quantitative chemical analysis method used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. This is achieved by reacting the substance with a solution of precisely known concentration, called a titrant. The titrant is added gradually to the solution containing the analyte until the reaction is complete. The point at which the reaction is complete is called the equivalence point.

In a typical titration, the titrant is dispensed from a burette, a graduated glass tube with a stopcock, allowing for precise measurement of the volume added. The analyte is usually placed in a flask. An indicator is often used to signal the completion of the reaction, changing color at or near the equivalence point. Alternatively, instrumental methods like potentiometry or conductometry can be used to detect the equivalence point.

The principle behind titrimetria is stoichiometry, the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. By knowing the concentration and volume of the titrant used to reach the equivalence point, and the balanced chemical equation for the reaction, the concentration of the analyte can be calculated. Different types of titrations exist, categorized by the nature of the reaction, such as acid-base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations, and complexometric titrations. Titrimetria is a widely used technique in various fields, including chemistry, pharmacy, environmental science, and food analysis.