titrausmenetelmällä

Titrausmenetelmä, often translated as titration, is a common quantitative chemical analysis technique used to determine the unknown concentration of a solution. This is achieved by reacting the solution of unknown concentration, known as the analyte, with a solution of precisely known concentration, called the titrant. The titrant is added gradually from a burette to the analyte until the reaction between them is complete. The point at which the reaction is judged to be complete is called the equivalence point.

To detect the equivalence point, an indicator is often used. Indicators are substances that change color at or very near the equivalence point. Alternatively, instrumental methods such as pH meters or conductivity meters can be employed to monitor the reaction progress and pinpoint the equivalence point. The volume of titrant added to reach the equivalence point, along with the known concentration of the titrant and the volume of the analyte, allows for the calculation of the analyte's concentration using stoichiometric principles.

Titration methods are versatile and can be applied to a wide range of chemical reactions, including acid-base titrations, redox titrations, precipitation titrations, and complexometric titrations. Each type of titration utilizes a specific chemical reaction and is suited for determining different types of substances. For instance, acid-base titrations are used to determine the concentration of acids or bases, while redox titrations are used for substances that can be oxidized or reduced. The accuracy and precision of titration make it a fundamental technique in many chemical laboratories, from research and development to quality control.