thyroidae
Thyroidae denotes the thyroid glands in vertebrates, typically referring to the two lobes of the human thyroid. In humans, the gland consists of right and left lobes connected by an isthmus and lies in the anterior neck, just inferior to the larynx and anterior to the trachea. Microscopically, the parenchyma is organized into follicles lined by follicular cells that produce thyroid hormones and contain colloid; parafollicular C-cells secrete calcitonin.
Thyroid hormones, mainly thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are synthesized from iodine within the follicular lumen
The thyroid receives arterial blood from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries and drains via an accompanying
Clinically, thyroid dysfunction includes hypothyroidism (often autoimmune, such as Hashimoto's), hyperthyroidism (such as Graves’ disease), goiter,