tetanusimmunoglobuline

Tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) is a human-derived preparation containing antibodies against the tetanus toxin. It is used to provide immediate, passive immunity to individuals who have been exposed to tetanus or who have wounds in which tetanus infection is a concern, especially when vaccination status is unknown or incomplete. TIG is not a substitute for tetanus vaccination, but it complements active immunization by offering rapid protection while the body's immune response to the vaccine develops.

TIG works by neutralizing circulating tetanus toxin, thereby reducing the toxin's ability to bind to nerve endings and cause disease. Because the antibodies wane over time, TIG provides temporary protection, typically for weeks to a few months, until active immunity through vaccination is achieved. TIG is administered by intramuscular injection, often at a separate site from the tetanus toxoid vaccine when both are given as part of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).

Indications include post-exposure prophylaxis after wounds that are dirty or contaminated and in individuals with unknown or incomplete immunization status. In the management of active tetanus infection, TIG may be used as part of supportive therapy alongside wound care, antibiotics, and tetanus vaccination. The exact dose and administration schedule depend on local guidelines and product labeling.

TIG is derived from pooled human plasma and is screened for infectious agents. Adverse effects can include injection-site reactions and, less commonly, allergic reactions or anaphylaxis. Individuals with a known hypersensitivity to immunoglobulin preparations or with severe IgA deficiency should be evaluated carefully before administration. TIG can transiently affect the immune response to vaccines given at the same time, so injections are typically given at separate sites or times as per guidelines.

See also: tetanus toxoid, tetanus antitoxin.