taivuttanut

Taivuttanut is the past active participle of the Finnish verb taivuttaa, meaning “to bend” or, figuratively, “to persuade/induce.” It denotes that the subject has performed the action of bending or causing something to bend, and it is used to form perfect tenses with the auxiliary olla (have/has). For example: Olen taivuttanut kahvan. Hän on taivuttanut rautaa.

As a participle, taivuttanut can also function in non-finite, descriptive contexts to indicate that something has already been bent or shaped by someone. In figurative use, taivuttaa can mean persuading or bending someone’s will, so taivuttanut can convey “having persuaded” in appropriate contexts, though the literal physical sense is common.

Morphology and usage notes:

- It is a past active participle (PA) derived from taivuttaa, with the suffix -nut attached to the stem taivutt-.

- It forms compound tenses with the auxiliary olla, as in Olen taivuttanut, Olet taivuttanut, Hän on taivuttanut.

- In everyday Finnish, taivuttanut is most readily understood in physical-bending contexts (metal, plastic, wood) but can appear in metaphorical expressions related to influence or coercion.

Etymology and related forms:

- Based on taivuttaa plus the past active participle suffix -nut, yielding taivuttanut.

- Related terms include taivutus (bending, inflection; also grammatical inflection) and taivuttaminen (the act of bending or shaping), as well as taivuttaa (the infinitive form).

See also: taivutus, taivuttaminen, taivuttaa.