t1114q13q32

t1114q13q32 is commonly understood in genetics as a misformatted representation of the chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32). In standard cytogenetic notation, this translocation denotes a reciprocal exchange between chromosome 11 at band q13 and chromosome 14 at band q32. The human notation t(11;14)(q13;q32) is most famously associated with mantle cell lymphoma, a B-cell neoplasm.

Molecularly, the translocation places the CCND1 gene on chromosome 11 under the control of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) locus on chromosome 14. This juxtaposition results in overexpression of cyclin D1, a regulator of the G1 to S phase transition in the cell cycle. The abnormal cyclin D1 activity promotes unchecked cell proliferation and contributes to lymphomagenesis, forming a central pathogenic mechanism in affected neoplasms.

Clinical significance centers on its role as a diagnostic hallmark. The presence of t(11;14)(q13;q32) supports a diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma when interpreted alongside morphological, immunophenotypic, and other molecular findings. While highly characteristic, the translocation is not exclusive to MCL in all contexts but is predominantly observed in this disease.

Detection methods include conventional karyotyping, which can reveal the translocation, and more sensitive approaches such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using CCND1 and IGH probes, or PCR-based assays targeting the fusion. These techniques aid in diagnosis, subclassification, and monitoring. Variations in breakpoint locations can occur, but the core pathogenic mechanism—cyclin D1 upregulation due to IGH enhancer juxtaposition—remains central to the biology of the condition. See also mantle cell lymphoma and IGH-CCND1 fusion.