søvnfragmentering

Sleep fragmentation refers to the disruption of normal sleep patterns, characterized by frequent awakenings or shifts in sleep stages during the night. This results in a non-restorative sleep experience, even if the total time spent in bed is seemingly adequate. The sleep architecture is altered, with a reduction in the amount of deep sleep (slow-wave sleep) and REM sleep, which are crucial for physical and cognitive restoration.

Common causes of sleep fragmentation include environmental factors like noise or light disturbances, physical discomfort, and the need to urinate. Medical conditions such as sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, chronic pain, and psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety are also significant contributors. Certain medications can also disrupt sleep continuity.

The consequences of chronic sleep fragmentation can be substantial. Individuals may experience daytime sleepiness, fatigue, impaired concentration, memory problems, and mood disturbances. Over the long term, persistent sleep fragmentation is associated with an increased risk of accidents, cardiovascular issues, metabolic disorders, and a general decline in quality of life. Diagnosis often involves a sleep study (polysomnography) to objectively measure sleep patterns and identify underlying causes. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause, which may involve lifestyle adjustments, behavioral therapies, or medical interventions.