sähkökirurgisia

Sähkökirurgisia, often referred to as electrosurgery, is a medical technique that utilizes high-frequency electrical current to perform surgical procedures. This current is applied to tissue through a specialized instrument, allowing for precise cutting, coagulation (stopping bleeding), or a combination of both. The high-frequency nature of the current causes cellular water to vaporize, leading to rapid tissue destruction or sealing of blood vessels.

There are several modes of electrosurgery, including monopolar and bipolar. In monopolar electrosurgery, the current flows from an active electrode applied to the tissue, through the patient's body, and returns to the generator via a larger inactive electrode pad placed on the skin. Bipolar electrosurgery uses two active electrodes, typically in forceps, so the current path is confined between the tips of the forceps, reducing the risk of unintended tissue damage.

Electrosurgery is widely used across various surgical specialties, including general surgery, dermatology, gynecology, and otolaryngology. Its advantages include precise tissue dissection, effective hemostasis, reduced blood loss, and often shorter operative times compared to traditional scalpel use. However, like any medical procedure, electrosurgery carries potential risks, such as burns, nerve damage, or fires if proper precautions are not taken, especially in the presence of flammable anesthetics or materials. Careful patient selection and adherence to safety protocols are essential for its safe and effective application.