sädemeid

Sädemeid is the Estonian term for sparks—small, bright particles produced by high-temperature sources during combustion, mechanical fragmentation or electrical arcing. In Estonian, säde means spark; sädemeid is the plural form, referring to multiple sparks.

Sparks form when a source such as a flame, hot metal, or an explosive ejects molten or heated material into surrounding air. The particles briefly reach incandescence and emit visible light as they travel before cooling. Their size typically ranges from tens of micrometers to a few millimeters.

The color and brightness of sädemeid depend on their temperature and chemical composition. Iron-rich sparks tend to glow orange to yellow, while particles from other metals can appear white or blue-white. Spreading sparks can be carried several meters by air currents and the motion of the source.

Sädemeid are common in campfires, welding, grinding metals, and fireworks, and they can pose a fire hazard if flammable materials are nearby. Safety measures include keeping combustibles away, using spark arresters or screens, and wearing protective eyewear and clothing when working with hot metals or intense flames.