campfires

A campfire is a controlled outdoor fire built for warmth, cooking, light, and socializing in camping, backpacking, and backyard settings. It is typically contained within a fire ring, fire pit, or a cleared area, and is fueled by dry wood and, sometimes, kindling or small amounts of tinder.

Construction and fuels should emphasize safety and minimal environmental impact. Choose a site away from overhanging branches, dry grass, and volatile materials. Clear the area, use an established fire ring or surround the pit with stones, and keep the fire small to medium in size. Favor dry hardwoods for longer, steadier burns; avoid fresh green wood, treated lumber, plastics, and accelerants. Have water, a shovel, or a sand bucket nearby for control and extinguishing.

Lighting and maintenance involve starting with tinder, kindling, and gradually larger logs, arranged in a teepee or log cabin style. Never use kerosene, gasoline, or other accelerants. Keep the fire attended at all times and prevent excessive flames or embers by adding wood gradually and monitoring wind and nearby materials.

Extinguishing and safety require fully putting out the fire before leaving. Douse with water, stir the ashes, and ensure the mixture is cool to the touch. Remove loose ashes and embers to a designated disposal area. Follow local regulations, including fire bans, and maintain a safe distance for people, pets, and clothing.

Environmental and cultural considerations include air quality and wildlife impact, leave-no-trace practices, and respecting park or campground rules. Campfires remain a longstanding social and practical feature of outdoor gatherings when used responsibly.