szuperkonduktív

szuperkonduktív is the Hungarian word for "superconducting". Superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in certain materials when they are cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. In this state, the material exhibits two primary properties: zero electrical resistance and the expulsion of magnetic fields.

The absence of electrical resistance means that electricity can flow through a superconductor indefinitely without any energy loss. This is a remarkable property with significant technological implications. The expulsion of magnetic fields, known as the Meissner effect, causes a magnet to levitate above a superconductor, a visual demonstration of this phenomenon.

Superconductivity was first discovered in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. Since then, various materials have been found to exhibit this property, broadly categorized into low-temperature superconductors (LTS) and high-temperature superconductors (HTS). LTS materials typically require cooling to temperatures near absolute zero, often achieved with liquid helium. HTS materials, while still requiring cooling, can operate at higher temperatures, sometimes achievable with liquid nitrogen, making them more practical for certain applications.

The applications of superconductivity are diverse and continue to be explored. They include powerful electromagnets used in MRI machines and particle accelerators, high-speed maglev trains, efficient power transmission lines, and advanced electronic devices. Research into discovering new superconducting materials and developing more accessible cooling technologies is ongoing, aiming to unlock the full potential of this fascinating physical state.