symptomsabacavir

Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection. While many people tolerate abacavir well, a potentially serious hypersensitivity reaction can occur in some individuals. Awareness of symptoms and prompt action are important for safety.

Common, non-serious adverse effects reported with abacavir include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, fever, fatigue, malaise, headache, and dizziness. Some people may also experience abdominal pain or a shortness of breath sensation. These symptoms can overlap with other illnesses, so medical evaluation is advised if new symptoms arise after starting therapy.

The most critical risk is hypersensitivity reaction, which may involve fever plus at least two additional symptoms such as rash, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, cough, or dizziness. Hypersensitivity can worsen with continued exposure, so if such symptoms occur, abacavir should be discontinued immediately and not restarted, even if symptoms seem to improve. Early recognition and discontinuation reduce the risk of severe harm.

Genetic testing for the HLA-B*57:01 allele is recommended before initiating abacavir. People who test positive should not use abacavir due to increased risk of hypersensitivity. In rare cases, severe skin reactions or other serious adverse events may accompany hypersensitivity and require urgent medical attention.

In summary, symptoms associated with abacavir range from mild gastrointestinal and constitutional effects to a potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction. Medical consultation is advised for new or worsening symptoms, and screening for HLA-B*57:01 helps guide safe use.