sunroof

A sunroof is a panel built into the roof of a motor vehicle that can be opened or removed to admit light and air. Most sunroofs are integrated into the vehicle roof and operate by manual hand crank or electric motor. They can be added during manufacturing or installed aftermarket and come in various sizes and configurations.

Sunroofs vary in design. Common types include pop-up or hinged sunroofs that tilt upward, tilt-and-slide units that lift and slide, and panoramic sunroofs that span multiple seating positions. Some designs are fixed glass panels without opening capability. In common usage, the term moonroof is often used for a glass panel that slides or tilts but does not fully open.

Materials and mechanisms: Sunroofs use tempered or laminated safety glass and are framed in aluminum or other metal. Modern units may include UV and heat-insulating coatings, built-in shades, and rain or light sensors. Operation ranges from manual cranks to motor-driven tilting or sliding actions; some systems use multi-panel assemblies.

Advantages and limitations: Sunroofs increase natural light, provide ventilation, and create a sense of openness inside the cabin. They can also add weight and complexity, and may contribute to leaks, wind noise, heat gain, and higher cost. Maintenance typically focuses on seals, drainage channels, and the condition of the motor or tracks.

In automotive use, sunroofs differ from architectural skylights or roof windows, which are typically fixed or non-venting in buildings. The term is sometimes applied to a wide range of roof openings intended to bring light into a vehicle interior.