subteste

Subteste is a term used in psychometrics to describe a defined subset of items within a larger standardized assessment that is intended to measure a specific cognitive, academic, or behavioral construct. A subtest yields its own score, which may be used independently or combined with other subtest scores to form composite indices or domain profiles. The concept is central to multi-part tests that aim to assess multiple abilities within a single instrument.

In standardized testing, subtests are designed to be relatively homogeneous and unidimensional, focusing on a particular domain such as verbal abilities, working memory, processing speed, or mathematical skill. Subtests can function as building blocks within a test battery, contributing to a global score or to separate index scores that reflect different areas of functioning. They enable profile analysis, helping clinicians, educators, or researchers identify relative strengths and weaknesses and monitor change over time.

Administration and interpretation: Subtests vary in item count, difficulty, and time requirements. Test developers typically provide normative data, reliability estimates, and validity evidence for each subtest. Scores are commonly presented as standard scores or percentile ranks and are interpreted within the context of the full test battery, other assessment data, and the examinee’s background. Caution is advised to avoid overemphasizing a single subtest, given potential measurement error and cross-domain influences.

Limitations and considerations: Subtest scores can be correlated and may reflect factors such as test-taking strategies, fatigue, or cultural and linguistic background. Sound interpretation relies on a comprehensive view of the assessment, corroborating data sources, and awareness of the test’s limitations.