substraturi

Substraturi is the Romanian plural form of substrat, used in technical contexts to denote the underlying material or surface on which a process occurs. The term derives from Latin substratum and is used across several fields with a similar core meaning: a base, support, or platform for subsequent materials, reactions, or measurements.

In chemistry and materials science, substrates serve as the solid surface on which films, coatings, or microstructures are deposited or grown. Important properties include chemical compatibility with the deposited material, surface energy, roughness, and thermal stability. Preparation often involves cleaning, surface modification, and sometimes patterning.

In biology and biochemistry, substrates can refer to molecules that enzymes act upon, or surfaces on which cells are cultured. In tissue engineering, biocompatible substrates support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation.

In electronics and microfabrication, substrates such as silicon wafers, glass, or polymers provide the mechanical platform for devices. The choice of substrate affects electrical performance, heat management, and device reliability, and it can influence fabrication steps such as deposition and etching.

In catalysis and energy technologies, substrates may serve as supports for active catalytic sites or as light-absorbing layers in solar cells. Substrate choice can determine catalytic dispersion, durability, and overall efficiency.

See also: Substrate, Substrat (Romanian term), Surface, Support.