subnormaal

Subnormaal is a Dutch word that translates to "subnormal" in English. Historically, the term was used in medical and psychological contexts to describe individuals with intellectual disabilities or significantly below-average cognitive functioning. It was often associated with outdated classifications of mental deficiency.

The term carried a strong negative connotation and was frequently used in a derogatory manner, contributing to the stigma and discrimination faced by people with intellectual disabilities. It implied a state of being less than, or not reaching, a perceived societal standard of normal intelligence.

In modern usage, the term "subnormal" is considered offensive and has been largely replaced by more respectful and accurate terminology. Professional organizations and advocates for people with intellectual disabilities strongly discourage its use. Preferred terms include "intellectual disability," "developmental disability," or "person with an intellectual impairment." The shift in language reflects a greater understanding of these conditions and a commitment to person-centered approaches that focus on individual strengths and capabilities rather than deficits. The historical use of "subnormal" highlights the evolution of societal attitudes and scientific understanding regarding intellectual differences.