spondyloartropaattiset

Spondyloartropatiat is a group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases that primarily affect the spine and the joints where the spine connects to the pelvis. These conditions are characterized by inflammation in the entheses, which are the points where tendons and ligaments attach to bone. This inflammation can lead to pain, stiffness, and in some cases, fusion of the vertebrae.

Key features of spondyloarthropathies include peripheral joint arthritis, often affecting the large joints of the legs, and inflammatory eye conditions like uveitis. Skin rashes, such as psoriasis, and gastrointestinal inflammation, like inflammatory bowel disease, can also be associated with these conditions. A genetic marker, particularly the HLA-B27 gene, is found in a significant proportion of individuals with spondyloarthropathies, though not everyone who carries the gene develops the disease.

The exact cause of spondyloarthropathies is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers, possibly infections. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, imaging studies like X-rays or MRI, and sometimes blood tests, including HLA-B27 testing. Treatment aims to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and prevent joint damage. This often includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), physical therapy, and in more severe cases, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biologic agents.