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Spierkoolhydraten is a term that refers to the role of carbohydrates in supporting skeletal muscle energy. It encompasses the carbohydrates stored in muscles as glycogen as well as the carbohydrates consumed to fuel muscle activity during training and competition. Although terminology varies, the concept is central to understanding how diet affects performance and recovery.

Muscle glycogen provides a readily available energy source for high-intensity and endurance exercise. During prolonged or intense activity, glycogen stores are mobilized to sustain power and pace. When stores are depleted, fatigue tends to set in earlier, which can impair performance even if other fuel sources are available.

Dietary strategies aim to optimize carbohydrate availability. Daily intake depends on fitness level and training load, but many athletes consume between roughly 3 and 12 g of carbohydrate per kilogram of body weight per day. Carbohydrate timing around workouts—consuming carbohydrates before and after exercise—can support performance and glycogen replenishment.

During long sessions, periodic carbohydrate intake helps maintain blood glucose and performance; high-GI foods or drinks are often used during exercise to quickly raise glucose. Post-exercise carbohydrate, combined with protein, promotes glycogen resynthesis and muscle recovery.

Terminology and emphasis may vary by field; "spierkoolhydraten" is not a widely standardized term, but the underlying biology is well established. Understanding how dietary carbohydrates affect muscle energy can inform training plans, competition preparation, and recovery strategies.