snehana

Snehana is an Ayurvedic therapy centered on oleation, the deliberate introduction of medicated oil or ghee (ghrita) into the body. The term comes from sneha, meaning oil, fat, or affection, and in practice Snehana combines external applications such as massage with oil and internal administration of medicated fats. It is one of the core preparatory procedures in Panchakarma and is described in classical texts such as the Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita.

Snehana can be external or internal. External Snehana involves daily or periodic oil or ghee massage (Abhyanga) with warm, medicated oils, often followed by gentle steam (Swedana) to induce sweating and further loosen toxins. Internal Snehana uses controlled doses of medicated ghee or oil taken orally over a period of days, with the dose gradually increased to lubricate the tissues and preparatory channels (srotas) for toxin removal during subsequent Panchakarma procedures.

The primary aim of Snehana is to balance the doshas, particularly vata, by enhancing tissue nourishment, mobility, and lubrication. It is believed to soften toxins and accumulate channels, facilitate their transport, and support overall vitality. Snehana is typically chosen for conditions characterized by dryness, stiffness, chronic musculoskeletal or neurological issues, and for individuals undergoing detoxification therapies.

Precautions and contraindications are important; Snehana should be conducted under qualified supervision. It is generally avoided in acute fever or illness, severe debility, malnutrition, certain skin lesions, and some pregnancy scenarios, with decisions tailored to the individual’s health status.