skjólstæðum

Skjólstæðum is a geological formation located in Iceland, characterized by a unique combination of glacial and permafrost landforms. The term "skjólstæðum" translates to "blocking moraine" or "obstructive moraine" in Icelandic, which refers to the formation process of these features.

The skjólstæðum in Iceland are formed when a glacier advances and gathers debris from the surroundings, creating a ridge-like structure in front of it. As the glacier continues to move, it plucks and transports the frozen material, leaving behind a succession of depressions and ridges. This process often creates a series of interlocking blocks of ice and rock, which can be several kilometers long.

These formations are distinct from other types of moraines found in Iceland, as they are specifically related to the bottom of a valley, rather than the edges of a glacier. The skjólstæðum are typically composed of a mixture of rock fragments, fragmented ice, and compacted permafrost. The orientation of these formations can provide valuable information about the former direction of glacial movement, as well as the geological history of the area.

Skjólstæðum are relatively rare in Iceland, and most of them can be found in the country's higher latitudes, such as in the glacial regions of Vatnajökull and Mýrdalsjökull. Their unique formation process and geological significance make them an important area of study in the fields of glaciology and permafrost research.