skelettväv

Skelettväv, also known as bone tissue, is a specialized connective tissue that forms the skeleton of vertebrates. It is a dynamic and living tissue that is constantly being remodeled throughout life. Skelettväv is composed of several cell types, including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, embedded within a mineralized extracellular matrix. The matrix primarily consists of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals, which provide both strength and rigidity to the bone.

There are two main types of skelettväv: compact bone and spongy bone. Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is dense and forms the outer layer of most bones. It provides structural support and protection. Spongy bone, also known as cancellous or trabecular bone, is found within the interior of bones. It has a porous, lattice-like structure made up of trabeculae, which reduces bone weight and provides space for bone marrow.

The primary functions of skelettväv include providing a framework for the body, protecting internal organs, facilitating movement through attachment points for muscles, producing blood cells in the bone marrow, and storing minerals like calcium and phosphorus. The continuous process of bone remodeling, carried out by osteoblasts (bone formation) and osteoclasts (bone resorption), is crucial for maintaining bone strength, repairing microdamage, and regulating calcium homeostasis. Factors such as genetics, nutrition, hormones, and mechanical stress significantly influence the health and integrity of skelettväv.