siyam

Siyam is a traditional form of fasting observed in various Islamic cultures, most notably during the month of Ramadan. The term "Siyam" derives from the Arabic word "Siyam," meaning "fasting" or "abstinence." It is considered one of the Five Pillars of Islam, signifying a spiritual discipline meant to foster self-control, purification, and empathy for those experiencing hunger.

During Siyam, Muslims abstain from food, drink, smoking, and other physical needs from dawn until sunset. The fast is often broken at sunset with a meal called "Iftar," which typically begins with the eating of dates and water, followed by a substantial evening meal. Before dawn, a pre-fast meal called "Suhoor" is consumed to sustain during the fasting hours.

The practice of Siyam is observed annually during the Islamic month of Ramadan, which is based on the lunar calendar and lasts approximately 29 or 30 days. The observance begins with the sighting of the new moon and is marked by increased spiritual activities, such as prayer, charity, and reading of the Quran. The end of Ramadan is celebrated with Eid al-Fitr, a festival that involves communal prayers, feasting, and giving of charity.

In different Muslim communities, Siyam may include additional practices such as increased charity, voluntary fasting on specific days outside Ramadan, and spiritual reflection. The intention behind Siyam is to attain Taqwa (God-consciousness), strengthen faith, and develop empathy by experiencing a fraction of the hardship faced by less fortunate individuals.