silikonin

Silikonin is a term used in several languages to denote silicone or siloxane polymers. These are synthetic polymers built on a backbone of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms (Si–O–Si), with organic substituents attached to silicon. The most common substituents are methyl groups, yielding polydimethylsiloxane, but other groups such as phenyl or vinyl are also used. This backbone gives silicone materials distinctive properties compared with carbon-based polymers: flexibility over a wide temperature range, low surface energy, and chemical and electrical resistance.

Silicone materials encompass several forms, including liquids (silicone oils), gels, rubbers (elastomers), and resins. They show high thermal stability, good weatherability, low permeability to gases, and resistance to oxidation and UV light. They can be formulated to be fluid or crosslinked into solids. They are often biocompatible, which supports medical and cosmetic uses, though impurities and additives determine suitability for specific applications.

Manufacturing typically involves hydrolysis and condensation of chlorosilane or silanol precursors or ring-opening polymerization of cyclic siloxanes. Curing methods such as addition (platinum-catalyzed) or condensation create elastomeric networks. Fillers and crosslinkers tailor viscosity, strength, and thermal properties. The term Silikonin may be used in non-English contexts to describe these materials.

Major applications include sealants, adhesives, lubricants, cookware, electronics potting compounds, medical devices, and dental materials. In consumer products, silicone is valued for heat resistance, low creep, and stability. Safety considerations vary with formulation; some silicone compounds are irritants or hazardous in certain forms, but many are widely used with established regulatory compliance.