showiness

Showiness, or ostentation, is the quality of being overly conspicuous or elaborate in order to attract attention or admiration. The term can describe appearances, behaviours, or displays that are designed to stand out in a crowd. It often implies a judgment about excess or flamboyance, though context and cultural norms influence appraisal.

In biology, showiness refers to traits that enhance visibility to potential mates or rivals. Examples include the peacock's iridescent tail, male birds of paradise plumage, or conspicuous flowers. In sexual selection, such traits may confer reproductive advantages despite higher costs or predation risk. The handicap principle suggests that only high-quality individuals can bear the burden of extravagant traits.

In human culture, showiness appears in fashion, architecture, advertising, or performances where the aim is to signal wealth, status, or identity. Designers may use bright colors, oversized forms, or ornate details to capture attention. Critics may view such displays as shallow or wasteful, while supporters argue they communicate individuality or craftsmanship. Cultural values shape whether showiness is admired or discouraged.

Ecologically or economically, showiness involves costs and tradeoffs. Greater visibility can attract predators or competitors and consume more energy or resources. Over time, showiness can be favored if signals are reliable indicators of fitness or capability; it can also be mimicked, leading to escalation unless honesty is maintained by costs.

Related concepts include ostentation, flamboyance, and signaling theory. See also sexual selection, costly signaling, and conspicuous consumption.