serverbackend

The server backend, or backend, is the part of a software system that runs on servers and provides data processing, storage, and application logic for client applications. It exposes interfaces such as APIs and handles requests from the client.

Core components include the application server where business logic executes, databases for persistent storage (relational or NoSQL), and interfaces like REST or GraphQL APIs. Other components include authentication and authorization services, messaging systems, and caching layers.

Architecture: Backend supports various patterns such as monolithic, microservices, or serverless. Services are typically stateless to enable scaling; data stores maintain state. Communication between components may use synchronous HTTP/gRPC or asynchronous queues.

Responsibilities: Enforces business rules, validates input, coordinates data across services, handles data persistence and integrity, and integrates with external systems. It may implement business workflows, transaction management, and background processing.

Operation: Deployment involves servers or cloud instances, containers, orchestration, and scaling strategies; monitoring, logging, tracing, and observability are used to maintain reliability. Caching, load balancing, and CDN complement performance.

Security and compliance: Access control, encryption, secure communication, and audit trails are essential.

Relation to frontend: The backend responds to client requests with data or status, and often serves as the source of truth for applications. It acts as the bridge between user interactions and data, enforcing rules and coordinating services to deliver consistent results.