semenalüüs

Semenalüüs, also known as seminal fluid analysis or sperm analysis, is a laboratory test performed on a semen sample to evaluate the reproductive capacity of a male. It is a crucial diagnostic tool for infertility investigations and can also be used to confirm successful vasectomy. The analysis examines several key parameters of the semen, including volume, the concentration of sperm, sperm motility, and sperm morphology.

The procedure typically involves collecting a semen sample through masturbation after a period of abstinence. The sample is then analyzed in a laboratory by trained technicians. They assess the total volume of ejaculate, which is normally between 1.5 and 5 milliliters. Sperm concentration is measured as the number of sperm per milliliter, with normal values generally exceeding 15 million sperm per milliliter.

Sperm motility refers to the percentage of sperm that are moving and the quality of their movement. This is categorized as progressive motility (moving forward), non-progressive motility (moving but not forward), and immotility. Morphologically, the shape and structure of the sperm are examined, with a focus on the head, midpiece, and tail. A high percentage of normally formed sperm is considered favorable.

Other parameters that may be assessed include the presence of white blood cells, which can indicate infection, and the pH of the semen. Semen analysis results are interpreted in conjunction with a patient's medical history and physical examination. Abnormal results may warrant further investigation or treatment.