sclerenkymiksi

Sclerenchyma is a type of supporting tissue in plants, characterized by cells with uniformly thickened, lignified secondary cell walls. These cells are typically dead at maturity, providing mechanical strength and rigidity to plant organs. Sclerenchyma cells are classified into two main types: fibers and sclereids. Fibers are elongated, tapering cells that are often found in bundles, providing tensile strength. They are common in the stems and roots of herbaceous and woody plants, as well as in the vascular tissues. Sclereids, also known as stone cells, are variable in shape but generally shorter than fibers, and they are often found scattered within other tissues or in discrete groups. They contribute to the hardness and toughness of plant structures such as seed coats, nutshells, and the gritty texture of some fruits like pears. The thick, rigid cell walls of sclerenchyma are rich in lignin, a complex polymer that makes the cell walls strong and resistant to compression and tension. This structural support is crucial for the upright growth of plants and their ability to withstand environmental stresses. Sclerenchyma plays a vital role in the overall architecture and survival of plants.