sartani

Sartani, also known as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), are a class of antihypertensive medications that selectively block the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor. By preventing angiotensin II from binding to AT1, they promote vasodilation, reduce aldosterone secretion, and decrease sodium and water retention, which lowers blood pressure and can protect the heart and kidneys in certain conditions.

Common sartani include losartan, valsartan, irbesartan, candesartan, olmesartan, telmisartan, and eprosartan. They are typically taken orally, once or twice daily, with dosing adjusted for renal function and, in some cases, other comorbidities.

Indications for sartani cover hypertension and a range of cardiovascular and renal diseases. They are used to treat essential hypertension, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and to improve outcomes after a myocardial infarction. They are also employed in managing diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease with proteinuria and in patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors due to cough or angioedema.

Compared with ACE inhibitors, sartani have a lower risk of cough and angioedema but share potential adverse effects, including hyperkalemia, hypotension, and, less commonly, renal function impairment. They are contraindicated in pregnancy and should be used with caution in bilateral renal artery stenosis. Caution is advised when used with potassium-sparing diuretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which can increase the risk of hyperkalemia or affect renal function.

Pharmacokinetically, sartani are generally well absorbed orally and vary in metabolism and elimination among agents. They are available as generics and are commonly used when RAAS blockade is indicated but ACE inhibitors are not suitable.