sarotherodontines

Sarotherodontines are a subgroup within the cichlid family (Cichlidae), primarily consisting of freshwater fish species found in Africa. They are part of the tribe Sarotherodontini, which also includes related genera such as Oreochromis and Tilapia. Sarotherodontines are characterized by their reproductive strategies, which often involve maternal mouthbrooding, where females carry fertilized eggs and juvenile fish in their mouths for protection during early development.

These fish typically inhabit lakes, rivers, and wetlands across sub-Saharan Africa, with some species adapted to brackish or slightly saline environments. Their habitats vary from shallow, vegetated waters to deeper, open lake areas. Sarotherodontines display a wide range of body shapes and sizes, with some species being small and laterally compressed, while others are more elongated.

Diet among Sarotherodontines varies, with many species feeding on algae, detritus, and small invertebrates. Their feeding habits can influence local aquatic ecosystems, contributing to the control of algae growth and nutrient cycling.

Taxonomically, Sarotherodontines are distinguished by certain morphological features, such as the structure of their pharyngeal jaws and scale patterns. They are of ecological and economic importance, as some species are harvested commercially for food and aquarium trade, while others are studied for their social and reproductive behaviors.

Overall, Sarotherodontines are recognized as an ecologically significant group within African freshwater ecosystems, showcasing diverse adaptations and behaviors that support their survival across a range of environmental conditions.