sarilumab

Sarilumab is a human monoclonal antibody medication used primarily in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It functions as an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antagonist, blocking the signaling pathway of IL-6, a cytokine involved in inflammation and immune responses. By inhibiting this pathway, sarilumab helps reduce joint damage and symptoms associated with RA, such as pain, swelling, and stiffness.

Developed by the pharmaceutical company Regeneron Pharmaceuticals in collaboration with Sanofi, sarilumab was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017 for adults with moderate to severe RA who have had an inadequate response to one or more disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). It is administered via subcutaneous injection, typically once or twice weekly, depending on the prescribed regimen.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that sarilumab effectively improves signs and symptoms of RA, including physical function and quality of life. However, like other biologic therapies, it carries potential risks, including increased susceptibility to infections, such as tuberculosis, and a higher likelihood of developing certain cancers. Patients undergoing treatment with sarilumab are closely monitored for side effects, and regular screenings for infections are recommended.

Sarilumab is also being investigated for potential use in other inflammatory conditions, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis and Castleman disease, though its approval for these indications is not yet widespread. As with all medications, its use is guided by medical professionals based on individual patient needs and risk factors.